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Course Content
Module 1: Introduction to Cybersecurity Incident Response
This module highlights the significance of incident response, explores various cybersecurity incidents, and introduces the critical roles within an effective Incident Response Team (IRT).
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What is Cybersecurity Incident Response?
Importance of Incident Response in Modern Organizations
Types of Cybersecurity Incidents
Key Roles in an Incident Response Team (IRT)
Module 2: Incident Response Lifecycle
This module covers the phases of the incident response lifecycle, from preparation and identification to containment, eradication, recovery, and lessons learned, ensuring a structured approach to handling cybersecurity incidents.
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Overview of the Incident Response Lifecycle (NIST Approach)
Preparation Phase – Building Readiness
Identification Phase – Recognizing Incidents
Containment Phase – Limiting Damage
Eradication Phase – Eliminating the Threat
Recovery Phase – Restoring Normal Operations
Lessons Learned Phase – Continuous Improvement
Module 3: Preparation for Incident Response
This module focuses on preparing for cybersecurity incidents, including establishing policies, creating an incident response plan, setting up tools and technologies, and training response teams for effective readiness.
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Importance of Preparation in Incident Response
Developing an Incident Response Plan (IRP)
Building an Incident Response Team (IRT)
Acquiring and Configuring Tools and Technologies
Security Awareness and Training Programs
Establishing Communication and Reporting Protocols
Module 4: Identifying Cybersecurity Incidents
This module focuses on recognizing cybersecurity incidents, understanding indicators of compromise (IoCs), and utilizing monitoring systems, including SIEM, for effective incident detection and timely reporting.
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Overview of Cybersecurity Incidents
The Importance of Early Detection
Key Indicators of Cybersecurity Incidents
Tools for Identifying Cybersecurity Incidents
Incident Identification Process
Challenges in Identifying Cybersecurity Incidents
Case Studies in Incident Identification
Module 5: Effective Incident Containment
This module focuses on strategies for effectively containing cybersecurity incidents, including isolating affected systems, maintaining communication, and preventing further escalation to minimize damage and impact.
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Overview of Incident Containment
Goals and Objectives of Containment
Immediate Containment Actions
Containment Techniques Based on Incident Type
Short-Term vs Long-Term Containment
Communication During Containment
Evaluating Containment Effectiveness
Module 6: Eradication of Threats
This module focuses on identifying the root cause of cybersecurity incidents, removing threats such as malware, securing configurations, and ensuring thorough verification of threat elimination to restore system integrity.
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Understanding the Eradication Phase
Identifying the Full Scope of the Threat
Removing Malicious Artifacts
Root Cause Analysis
System Restoration and Hardening
Validation and Verification
Improving Defenses to Prevent Recurrence
Module 7: Recovery and Post-Incident Steps
This module focuses on restoring affected systems and services after an incident, ensuring system integrity, validating recovery efforts, and rebuilding confidence with stakeholders through effective post-incident procedures.
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Overview of Recovery and Post-Incident Steps
Recovery Phase – Restoring Operations and Systems
Post-Incident Steps – Analyzing and Improving Incident Response
Documenting and Reporting the Incident
Module 8: Lessons Learned and Continuous Improvement
This module focuses on conducting post-incident reviews, updating response plans, enhancing security measures, and leveraging lessons learned to continuously improve incident response strategies and organizational resilience.
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Importance of the Lessons Learned Phase
Post-Incident Review – Analyzing the Incident Response Process
Updating the Incident Response Plan (IRP)
Strengthening Security Posture – Addressing Vulnerabilities
Improving Team Performance – Training and Drills
Continuous Improvement – Building a Resilient Organization
Module 9: Legal, Compliance, and Reporting
This module explains the legal obligations and compliance requirements during incident response, including reporting standards, communicating with authorities, and managing public and media interactions during a cybersecurity incident.
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Understanding Legal Implications of Cyber Incidents
Regulatory Compliance in Incident Response
Reporting Obligations to Authorities and Stakeholders
Legal Protections During Incident Response
Preparing for Legal Challenges
Compliance Documentation and Audits
Ethical Considerations in Incident Response
Module 10: Incident Response Tools and Technologies
This module explores the tools and technologies used in incident response, including endpoint detection, threat hunting, forensic tools, automation, and cloud-based solutions to enhance response efficiency and effectiveness.
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Overview of Incident Response Tools
Monitoring and Detection Tools
Endpoint Detection and Response (EDR) Solutions
Network Forensic Tools
Log Analysis and Management Tools
Digital Forensics and Investigation Tools
Containment and Mitigation Tools
Automation and Orchestration Tools
Communication and Coordination Platforms
Cloud-Specific Incident Response Tools
Threat Intelligence Integration
Incident Response Tools in Action
Module 11: Incident Response in Different Environments
This module explores incident response strategies for different environments, including on-premises systems, cloud platforms, and mobile devices, with a focus on adapting techniques for specific threats like ransomware.
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Overview of Incident Response Across Environments
Incident Response in On-Premises Environments
Incident Response in Cloud Environments
Incident Response in Industrial Control Systems (ICS)
Incident Response in IoT Ecosystems
Incident Response in Remote Work Environments
Adapting Incident Response to Emerging Environments
Cross-Environment Coordination and Best Practices
Module 12: Simulating and Testing Incident Response
This module focuses on testing and simulating incident response through tabletop exercises, red team vs. blue team simulations, and penetration testing to evaluate and improve response readiness and effectiveness.
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Importance of Simulating and Testing Incident Response
Types of Incident Response Testing
Designing Effective Simulations and Tests
Conducting Incident Response Tests
Evaluating and Improving Incident Response
Best Practices for Simulating and Testing Incident Response
Cybersecurity Incident Response Basics
About Lesson

Key Indicators of Cybersecurity Incidents

To identify a cybersecurity incident, organizations must look for specific signs or indicators of compromise (IOCs). These are pieces of evidence that point to potential malicious activities occurring within an organization’s IT environment. IOCs can be categorized into:

 

Network Indicators:

  • Unusual traffic patterns: Unexplained spikes in network traffic, especially outbound traffic to external servers, could indicate data exfiltration or a DoS attack.
  • Suspicious IP addresses: Connections to known malicious IP addresses or unusual foreign IP addresses could indicate a remote attacker.
  • Unusual port activity: Attacks often exploit specific ports to gain unauthorized access to systems. Monitoring open ports and associated traffic can help identify malicious behavior.

 

Host Indicators:

  • System crashes: Unexplained system crashes or slowdowns may signal that malware has infected the system.
  • Unusual file changes: Unexpected modifications to system files or executables could indicate that malware is altering the system’s behavior.
  • Unauthorized access attempts: Multiple failed login attempts or suspicious logins from unfamiliar locations could indicate brute force attacks or credential stuffing.

 

Application Indicators:

  • Changes to application configurations: Attackers often modify application configurations to exploit vulnerabilities.
  • Error messages: Repeated or unusual error messages may be the result of malware manipulating the application.

 

User Behavior Indicators:

  • Abnormal user activity: This could involve a user accessing files or systems they normally don’t interact with, potentially indicating a compromised account.
  • Out-of-office user logins: If employees or administrators are logging in from unusual locations or outside business hours, it might indicate unauthorized access.

 

Environmental Indicators:

  • Unusual system resource usage: An unexpected increase in CPU, memory, or disk usage may indicate malware activity such as crypto-mining or the use of malicious processes.
  • Presence of unknown files or processes: If new or suspicious files are found, especially in system directories, this can indicate an attack or compromise.
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