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Popular Algorithms in Asymmetric Cryptography
Several algorithms are used in asymmetric cryptography, each with unique properties and applications:
RSA (Rivest–Shamir–Adleman):
- One of the earliest and most widely used public-key algorithms.
- Relies on the difficulty of factoring large prime numbers.
- Commonly used for secure data transmission, such as in HTTPS protocols.
Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC):
- Based on the algebraic structure of elliptic curves.
- Provides equivalent security to RSA with much smaller key sizes, making it efficient for devices with limited computational power.
- Frequently used in mobile devices, IoT devices, and digital certificates.
Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange:
- Used to securely exchange cryptographic keys over an insecure channel.
- Relies on the discrete logarithm problem.
- Although not a direct encryption algorithm, it plays a critical role in establishing secure connections.
DSA (Digital Signature Algorithm):
- Specifically designed for digital signatures.
- Provides a method for signing messages and verifying their authenticity.